Low blood count? The genetic reason many don't know about
A new study in Blood Advances reveals that low blood counts in people of African and Mediterranean descent may stem from a normal genetic status (Duffy-null), not from disease. The American Society of Hematology has developed new reference ranges to prevent misdiagnoses and unnecessary tests.
A new study published in Blood Advances reveals that a low blood count, particularly of white blood cells, may result from a normal genetic trait called Duffy-null status, rather than from disease. This trait is common among people of African and Mediterranean descent and is an evolutionary adaptation that developed as a defense mechanism against malaria. In these individuals, neutrophils are more concentrated in tissues and less in the bloodstream, causing low counts in standard blood tests. Until now, reference ranges did not account for this, leading to misdiagnoses of neutropenia, unnecessary invasive tests like bone marrow biopsies, and even discontinuation of essential treatments such as chemotherapy. The American Society of Hematology (ASH) has developed new, personalized reference ranges for children and adults with Duffy-null status, a step that promotes health equity. The article recommends that people of Mediterranean or African descent who have received low blood count results speak with a doctor about testing for Duffy status.